BCSSS

International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics

2nd Edition, as published by Charles François 2004 Presented by the Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science Vienna for public access.

About

The International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics was first edited and published by the system scientist Charles François in 1997. The online version that is provided here was based on the 2nd edition in 2004. It was uploaded and gifted to the center by ASC president Michael Lissack in 2019; the BCSSS purchased the rights for the re-publication of this volume in 200?. In 2018, the original editor expressed his wish to pass on the stewardship over the maintenance and further development of the encyclopedia to the Bertalanffy Center. In the future, the BCSSS seeks to further develop the encyclopedia by open collaboration within the systems sciences. Until the center has found and been able to implement an adequate technical solution for this, the static website is made accessible for the benefit of public scholarship and education.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

SOCIOCULTURAL SYSTEM 4)

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E. LASZLO proposed the following classification of sociocultural systems with their basic characteristics (in order of growing complexity):

- Kinship system: Kinship organization (Family, clan, tribe); multi-purpose stone tools; human energy; nomadic hunting territories; hunting economy; pictograms

- Village system: Special purpose tools; animal energy; farming economy; ideograms.

- Empire system: Theocracy-autocracy; metal tools; inorganic energy; integrated economy; writing; special purpose towns; administration.

- Nation-state system: Democracy; machine technology; transformation of energy; mechanical transmission of information; Newtonian science. (Federal or unitary state)

- Planetary system: Three dimensional boundaries; ecumenism; internationalism; automation; nuclear energy; electronic transmission of information; Einsteinian science (1974, p.40).

The socio-cultural system is basically generated as a dissipative structure, whose complexity grows (in human brains, in economic structures) in proportion of permanently available energy.

Categories

  • 1) General information
  • 2) Methodology or model
  • 3) Epistemology, ontology and semantics
  • 4) Human sciences
  • 5) Discipline oriented

Publisher

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science(2020).

To cite this page, please use the following information:

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science (2020). Title of the entry. In Charles François (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics (2). Retrieved from www.systemspedia.org/[full/url]

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