BCSSS

International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics

2nd Edition, as published by Charles François 2004 Presented by the Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science Vienna for public access.

About

The International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics was first edited and published by the system scientist Charles François in 1997. The online version that is provided here was based on the 2nd edition in 2004. It was uploaded and gifted to the center by ASC president Michael Lissack in 2019; the BCSSS purchased the rights for the re-publication of this volume in 200?. In 2018, the original editor expressed his wish to pass on the stewardship over the maintenance and further development of the encyclopedia to the Bertalanffy Center. In the future, the BCSSS seeks to further develop the encyclopedia by open collaboration within the systems sciences. Until the center has found and been able to implement an adequate technical solution for this, the static website is made accessible for the benefit of public scholarship and education.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

ORGANIZATION (Holographic) 1)4)

Inspiring himself from several sources, J. JOHANNESSEN proposes the following requirements and criteria of a holographic or heterarchical organization:

"1. The whole enclosed in its parts

2. Double-loop learning (deutero-Iearning), with communicative competence

3. Fewer levels of management

4. Liquidation of a centrally managed command and control model

5. The transition to a "flatter" organizational structure

6. Clearly defined goals leading to action, where the results, plans, and goals can be evaluated explicitly

7. More emphasis on individual responsibility for contact and communication

8. More emphasis on the overall view

9. Organizational design favoring innovations and autonomy

10. The gathering of information a more distributed process

11. The transition from data processing to complete information systems.

12. Flexibility and freedom for the individual members of the organization

13. Involvement by all in the planning process

14. Creating the future, not predicting it

15. Cybernetic principles as the foundation for organizational design

16. Self-organizing, autonomous small groups

17. Global information can be taken out locally and local information can be taken out globally. In holographic terms: each part of the organization contains enough information to recreate the whole" (1991, p.41-42).

Such a proposal seems viable only if the Cultural conditions (i.e. the environmental meanings and values system) supports its subjacent postulates, which is surely not the case in several cultures, where personal responsibility is not strongly recognized" or is recognized merely within an authoritarian frame.

Categories

  • 1) General information
  • 2) Methodology or model
  • 3) Epistemology, ontology and semantics
  • 4) Human sciences
  • 5) Discipline oriented

Publisher

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science(2020).

To cite this page, please use the following information:

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science (2020). Title of the entry. In Charles François (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics (2). Retrieved from www.systemspedia.org/[full/url]


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