BCSSS

International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics

2nd Edition, as published by Charles François 2004 Presented by the Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science Vienna for public access.

About

The International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics was first edited and published by the system scientist Charles François in 1997. The online version that is provided here was based on the 2nd edition in 2004. It was uploaded and gifted to the center by ASC president Michael Lissack in 2019; the BCSSS purchased the rights for the re-publication of this volume in 200?. In 2018, the original editor expressed his wish to pass on the stewardship over the maintenance and further development of the encyclopedia to the Bertalanffy Center. In the future, the BCSSS seeks to further develop the encyclopedia by open collaboration within the systems sciences. Until the center has found and been able to implement an adequate technical solution for this, the static website is made accessible for the benefit of public scholarship and education.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

NORM 3)

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1. A behavioral standard or model applicable to a specific class of systems.

Norms systems are practical codes for any type of transactions at a wide social level.

Norms translate values to the level of enacted behavior. They settle down as a consensus through repeated interactive feedbacks between users, because they permit a great economy of resources by avoiding uncertainties, incompatibilities, conflicts, and unnecessary iterative experiences and complexity. They also increase the systems predictability and make it more easy, i.e. less costly, to maintain.

Hierarchies of norms may appear, as encompassing global norms are produced through the interactions of local and specific needs of systems entering a more global one. (e.g. European norms superseeding national ones).

Norms may however need to evolve as for example technical ones. This is generally a difficult process, because they precisely are designed to enhance stability. As a result, there is a general tendency to cling to established norms and to resist new ones.

2. The most common behavior of a system, as defined by "normal" distribution.

This is a mathematical concept, which is in no way connected with the former one.

Categories

  • 1) General information
  • 2) Methodology or model
  • 3) Epistemology, ontology and semantics
  • 4) Human sciences
  • 5) Discipline oriented

Publisher

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science(2020).

To cite this page, please use the following information:

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science (2020). Title of the entry. In Charles François (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics (2). Retrieved from www.systemspedia.org/[full/url]

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