BCSSS

International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics

2nd Edition, as published by Charles François 2004 Presented by the Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science Vienna for public access.

About

The International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics was first edited and published by the system scientist Charles François in 1997. The online version that is provided here was based on the 2nd edition in 2004. It was uploaded and gifted to the center by ASC president Michael Lissack in 2019; the BCSSS purchased the rights for the re-publication of this volume in 200?. In 2018, the original editor expressed his wish to pass on the stewardship over the maintenance and further development of the encyclopedia to the Bertalanffy Center. In the future, the BCSSS seeks to further develop the encyclopedia by open collaboration within the systems sciences. Until the center has found and been able to implement an adequate technical solution for this, the static website is made accessible for the benefit of public scholarship and education.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

FOUNDERS EFFECT 1)4)

The long-term dominance in a system of the characteristics brought into it by its founders.

Such characteristics can be genetic, in populations; phonetic, semiotic and semantic in languages; technical, normative and cultural in societies.

It has been well observed on more or less isolated populations of recent historical origins, as for example French Canadians, white South Africans of Dutch stock, or the Kel Kummer seceeded Touareg group (A. CHAVENTRÉ and A. JACQUARD, 1974, p.179-93).

Founders have an influence quite disproportionate to their original numbers. They are generally able to transmit their specific and peculiar traits to their descendants.

In a sense, the founders effect is already present in embryogenesis. The egg develops along different lines of "founding cells" which generate the different parts of the embryo" (Eric H. DAVIDSON & aI., 1997). According to these authors, no hierarchical regulation is needed - or very few anyway - nor a process of local specification. It thus seems to be ordering through reciprocal position, creating a positional value.

The complete developmental process, specially in bilateral living beings is of course much more intricated, as the Hox genes act as regulators of the hierarchic morphogenesis which determines the ordered plan of the being as a whole.

Homeobox; Morphospace

Categories

  • 1) General information
  • 2) Methodology or model
  • 3) Epistemology, ontology and semantics
  • 4) Human sciences
  • 5) Discipline oriented

Publisher

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science(2020).

To cite this page, please use the following information:

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science (2020). Title of the entry. In Charles François (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics (2). Retrieved from www.systemspedia.org/[full/url]


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