BCSSS

International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics

2nd Edition, as published by Charles François 2004 Presented by the Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science Vienna for public access.

About

The International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics was first edited and published by the system scientist Charles François in 1997. The online version that is provided here was based on the 2nd edition in 2004. It was uploaded and gifted to the center by ASC president Michael Lissack in 2019; the BCSSS purchased the rights for the re-publication of this volume in 200?. In 2018, the original editor expressed his wish to pass on the stewardship over the maintenance and further development of the encyclopedia to the Bertalanffy Center. In the future, the BCSSS seeks to further develop the encyclopedia by open collaboration within the systems sciences. Until the center has found and been able to implement an adequate technical solution for this, the static website is made accessible for the benefit of public scholarship and education.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

DESIGN: Its program 1)2)

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W. GASPARSKI et al. select the following aims and contents for design, as enunciated by a number of authors from 1936 to 1972 (for details see 1995, p.17-18):

"Diagnosis of practical situations, investigation of principles and methods of design realization" (KRECZKOWSKI, 1936)

"Knowledge concerning physical and economic interdependences and psychological conditioning of technical production (F. KESSELRING, 1954).

"Normative knowledge of principles and procedures of design and methods of evaluation of design solutions" (K.L. GREJNER, 1963).

"Studies, research, and accumulation of knowledge on the design process and its component operations as well as social conditioning" (S.A. GREGORY, 1966).

"Science related to the problems of "artificiality" of man-made products as opposed to natural products. It comprises: theory of the evaluation of the design results, logic of synthesis, theory of structure, formulation of design problems, and design organization" (H. SIMON, 1969).

"Theory based on mathematical methods, particularly on decision theory" (M. TRIBUS, 1969)

"General theory of design practice, aiming at development of "design consciousness" involved in the process of social changes" (T. MALDONADO, 1972)

"Philosophy and logic of design based on the adapted program of methodology of sciences by ADJUKIEWICZ. It differentiates between the theory of the object of design (apragmetic methodology) and the theory of the design process (pragmatic methodology). Object of design and design process are considered as ideal types. General and detailed methodology are differentiated" W. GASPARSKI, 1972).

Bela H. BANATHY and J. WARFIELD - among others - have also signaled other important aims and methods (See other entries on "design")

Categories

  • 1) General information
  • 2) Methodology or model
  • 3) Epistemology, ontology and semantics
  • 4) Human sciences
  • 5) Discipline oriented

Publisher

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science(2020).

To cite this page, please use the following information:

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science (2020). Title of the entry. In Charles François (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics (2). Retrieved from www.systemspedia.org/[full/url]

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