BCSSS

International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics

2nd Edition, as published by Charles François 2004 Presented by the Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science Vienna for public access.

About

The International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics was first edited and published by the system scientist Charles François in 1997. The online version that is provided here was based on the 2nd edition in 2004. It was uploaded and gifted to the center by ASC president Michael Lissack in 2019; the BCSSS purchased the rights for the re-publication of this volume in 200?. In 2018, the original editor expressed his wish to pass on the stewardship over the maintenance and further development of the encyclopedia to the Bertalanffy Center. In the future, the BCSSS seeks to further develop the encyclopedia by open collaboration within the systems sciences. Until the center has found and been able to implement an adequate technical solution for this, the static website is made accessible for the benefit of public scholarship and education.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

COMMUNICATION (Physical) 5)

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A physical process in which a material transmitter emits in a well defined code some signals which can be decoded by an adequate receiver.

Voices or sounds, musical or others are transformed into electro-magnetic waves and reconverted to sounds by a telephone or an audio-set.

Thereafter the sounds are received by our hearing system and converted from sound waves to sensations.

Similar processes allow for the transmission of visual signals, for example through a television chain.

These processes are completely independent of whatever meaning the signals may be intended to convey. Here, coding is a biunivocal physical transformation whose efficiency depends on avoiding perturbing noises or compensate them by adquate repetitions (= redundancy).

Any type of physical communication needs the following elements: an emissor or sender, an encoder, a channel, a receiver and a decoder, and… of course, a source of energy. Generally the communication process must also be monitored in order to ensure its correctness.

Categories

  • 1) General information
  • 2) Methodology or model
  • 3) Epistemology, ontology and semantics
  • 4) Human sciences
  • 5) Discipline oriented

Publisher

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science(2020).

To cite this page, please use the following information:

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science (2020). Title of the entry. In Charles François (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics (2). Retrieved from www.systemspedia.org/[full/url]

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